王昕, 黄亚伟, 张君华, 李新宇, 王鹤鸣. “一带一路”国家金属资源的稀缺性分析[J]. 北京师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2021, 57(5): 718-724. DOI: 10.12202/j.0476-0301.2021109
引用本文: 王昕, 黄亚伟, 张君华, 李新宇, 王鹤鸣. “一带一路”国家金属资源的稀缺性分析[J]. 北京师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2021, 57(5): 718-724. DOI: 10.12202/j.0476-0301.2021109
WANG Xin, HUANG Yawei, ZHANG Junhua, LI Xinyu, WANG Heming. Scarcity of metal resources in the “Belt and Road” countries[J]. Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science), 2021, 57(5): 718-724. DOI: 10.12202/j.0476-0301.2021109
Citation: WANG Xin, HUANG Yawei, ZHANG Junhua, LI Xinyu, WANG Heming. Scarcity of metal resources in the “Belt and Road” countries[J]. Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science), 2021, 57(5): 718-724. DOI: 10.12202/j.0476-0301.2021109

“一带一路”国家金属资源的稀缺性分析

Scarcity of metal resources in the “Belt and Road” countries

  • 摘要: 金属资源是支撑经济发展和社会进步的重要物质,是工业化和城市化中不可或缺的资源.自“一带一路”倡议提出并实施以来,矿产资源的开发合作日益加强,沿线国家金属资源的分布特征和开发潜力引起了广泛关注.通过核算“一带一路”国家的储量和开采量数据,对沿线国家的资源分布与利用情况进行了分析,发现“一带一路”国家金属资源较为丰富,具有一定的互补性,但是金属的开采量也较大.由于单独分析金属开采量不能反映其稀缺性程度,本研究通过引入金属稀缺性系数对金属开采量重新进行核算,得到新的金属稀缺性开采量指标.结果发现:2000—2017年间,“一带一路”国家总的金属稀缺性开采量增长了25倍,且各类金属的稀缺性开采量都在快速增长,其中钛、银、锰的增幅较大,研究期间分别增长了173、55、53倍;从各国的情况来看,土耳其、缅甸和中国等国的金属稀缺性开采量的增速较大,分别增长了151、34和7倍.由此可见,“一带一路”国家面临的金属资源稀缺风险不容乐观,各国应积极合作,共享金属利用技术,提高金属资源的使用效率,并大力发展循环经济以提高再生金属的使用量,共建绿色“一带一路”.

     

    Abstract: Metal resources are important for national economic development, social progress and indispensable for industrialization and urbanization.After the “Belt and Road” initiative was proposed and implemented, development and cooperation in mineral resources tended to be strengthened.Distribution characteristics and development potentials of metal resources in countries along the route have attracted widespread attention.Here we analyze distribution and utilization of resources in the “Belt and Road” countries by accounting metal reserves and extractions in these countries.These countries are found to be rich in metal resources and are complementary to certain extent.However, the amount of metal mining is large.Analysis of metal extraction alone cannot reflect the extent of metal scarcity.In this study we introduce the concept of scarce metal coefficient to obtain scarcity-weighted metal extraction index.It turned out that the total scarcity-weighted metal extraction in the “Belt and Road” countries increased by 25 times, and the scarcity-weighted extraction of each metal increased rapidly from 2000-2017.Titanium, silver, and manganese were found to have increased most rapidly by 173, 55, and 53 times respectively.Scarcity-weighted metal extractions in Turkey, Myanmar, and China increased most rapidly by 151, 34 and 7 times respectively.The risks for metal resource scarcity in the “Belt and Road” countries remain unoptimistic, these countries should actively cooperate to share metal utilization technologies and improve use efficiency of metal resources.In addition, we suggest these countries develop vigorously a circular economy to increase the use of recycled metals and jointly build a green “Belt and Road”.

     

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