Ecological product value accounting for coordinated development in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region: Research progress, bottlenecks, and perspectives

As coordinated developments of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region advance into deeper stages, ecological product value accounting has become a key approach to addressing the spatial mismatch between costs and benefits of regional ecological conservation． TIn this study, the ecological characteristics of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region were used to systematically classify regional ecological products, to summarize recent progress in ecological product value accounting, to identify major bottlenecks, and to discuss future research priorities． Ecological product value accounting in the region has achieved initial localization, and developed a distinctive research orientation focusing on cross-regional ecosystem service flows, to reveal a spatial pattern characterized by “northwestern supply and southeastern consumption”． Several critical challenges remain, however, including mismatched accounting paradigms, lack of standardized parameters, insufficient accounting of cross-regional service flows, weak linkages across spatial scales, and limited practical application of accounting results． Future research should focus on five key aspects: to reconstruct accounting paradigms, to establish unified standards, to advance service-flow accounting techniques, to strengthen multi-scale coordination, and to promote the practical application of accounting results． Such research will help establish a specialized accounting framework adapted to cross-regional collaborative governance, to provide theoretical and technical support for ecological governance in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region．