Abstract: Quantification of pollution load and identification of pollution source are important in environmental management, risk prevention and control, pollution control, and in formulating environmental protection policies．In the present work, we used the fugacity model to calculate and forecast soil load and distribution of heavy metal pollution in the upper reaches of Fuxian Lake．The non-negative constraint factor model and the chemical mass balance model were coupled to identify or decompose pollution sources．Heavy metals in the upper reaches of Fuxian Lake in Chengjiang County were found to be stored mainly in the soil medium, accounting for more than 80% of the surface area．The heavy metals in the soil were found to be mainly from industrial production, use of fertilizers and pesticides, accounting for 40.16% and 40.79% respectively．Consequently, these should be the focus of regional heavy metal pollution prevention and control management．Such analysis of pollution load and source identification as done in this work should, provide data support for environmental quality assessment and pollution prevention and control．