Abstract: A 55-m long ice core was drilled from the Noijin Kangsang glacier on the southern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in 2007, which was drilled colsed to bedrock and annually dated covering the period of 1864-2006 AD. The concentrations of major soluble ions(Ca²⁺、NH₄⁺、Na⁺、Mg²⁺、K⁺、NO₃⁻、SO₄²⁻、Cl⁻) in ice core were measured, and thereby the characteristics of ion concentration variations and their sources of ions were analyzed by methods such as empirical orthogonal function(EOF) and atmospheric circulation field analysis. The results show that the variations of soluble ion concentrations in the ice core are highly consistent and correlated. The land mineral dust in the arid and semi-arid regions of northern South Asia is the main source of soluble ions in the ice core, and its variation is controlled by the westerly circulation. During the period of 1864-2006, the ion concentrations in the ice core showed a decreasing trend, withing that the westerly circulation was weakened overall. During 1864-1922 and 1950-1970, the ice core ion concentration were higher, corresponding to stronger westerly circulation and the cold periods of the northern Hemisphere climate.