马约拉纳零能模移动引起的非绝热跃迁和粒子数宇称破坏及其检测

Majorana-zero-mode moving caused nonadiabatic transition and fermion-parity violation and their detection

摘要: 拓扑超导体中马约拉纳零能模（MZMs）的移动，对拓扑量子计算具有重要作用．基于微观格点模型，本文模拟了微电极操控下的多段移动及移动过程中引起的非绝热跃迁．结果表明多段移动可降低非绝热跃迁概率．经过准粒子激发谱的非绝热跃迁，还将诱导一对MZMs的初始费米宇称的微弱破坏（二阶效应）．本文提出的检测非绝热跃迁效应的方案，可以同时检测因移动MZMs引起的跃迁至激发态的概率，以及因二阶效应引起的初始费米宇称的破坏．

Abstract: Majorana-zero-modes (MZMs) moving in topological superconductors (TSC) is an important issue for topological quantum computation． The microscopic lattice model was used to simulate the moving of MZMs in a TSC quantum wire via multiple segment modulation． The multiple segment moving was found to reduce nonadiabatic transition. Initial fermion-parity will be violated (slightly) owing to the second-order effect of nonadiabatic transition, mediated by the quasiparticle spectrum． We propose a scheme to probe both effects．