高校校园碳足迹核算及零碳校园规划路径分析以北京师范大学海淀校园为例

College campus carbon footprint accounting and zero-carbon campus planning at Beijing Normal University

  • 摘要: 本研究综合考虑高校地理边界内的直接碳排放和跨境间接碳排放,从生命周期视角出发构建了高校校园碳足迹核算方法学模型,选取北京师范大学海淀校园(简称海淀校园)作为案例,系统性地核算并分析了海淀校园碳足迹(包括直接碳排放与间接碳排放)现状,并从消费侧及生产侧2个视角出发,设计低碳校园、深度减碳及零碳校园3种情景规划,探究零碳校园规划路径.结果表明:1) 海淀校园2022年的碳足迹为96.72 kt ,其中高校碳足迹主要来源为外调电力引起的间接碳排放,占比50.3%;校园直接碳排放与其他间接碳排放所产生的碳排放总量相当,分别占高校碳足迹总量的25.5%和24.2%.2) 海淀校园教师公寓区、学生宿舍区、办公区为高校碳足迹的主要来源区域,碳排放总量达到42.06 kt,占高校碳足迹总量的43.5%,主要由电能消耗及天然气消耗导致;其余功能区中,图书馆、生活服务区、教学区及主楼碳排放量分别为9.30、8.32 、7.92 、7.25 kt,其中,生活服务区的碳排放来源比较特殊,主要由用水及用天然气驱动引起.3) 海淀校园如果参考低碳校园情景方案,在2060年可实现40%的校园碳减排;若执行深度减碳情景规划,则可在2060年减少近70%的校园碳排放;如果高校可以依照零碳校园规划路径,综合消费侧及生产侧各项减碳措施,则有望在2060年实现零碳校园建设.本研究结果可为高校落实“碳中和”政策,厘清高校碳足迹现状并实现零碳校园建设提供科学依据和政策启示.

     

    Abstract: Direct carbon emissions within the geographical boundaries of universities and cross-border indirect carbon emissions are comprehensively considered, to construct a model of campus carbon emissions-accounting. The Haidian campus of Beijing Normal University is used to calculate and analyze current carbon emissions from the perspectives of both consumption and production. Three scenarios of low-carbon campus, deep carbon reduction and zero-carbon campus are designed. Total carbon emission at Beijing Normal University in 2022 was found to be 96.72 kt, the main source of carbon emission was indirect carbon emission by external power transfer (Scope2), accounting for 50.3% of total. Direct carbon emissions on campus (Scope1) are comparable to other indirect carbon emissions (Scope3), accounting for 25.5% and 24.2% of total carbon emissions respectively. Faculty apartments, student dormitories and office areas are the main sources of carbon emissions on campus, total carbon emissions reaching 42.06 kt CO2, accounting for 43.5% of the total carbon emissions on campus, driven mainly by electric energy consumption and natural gas consumption. Among the remainder functional areas, carbon emissions by library, living service area, teaching area and main building were 9.30, 8.32, 7.92 and 7.25 kt, respectively. The sources of carbon emissions in living service areas are special, mainly caused by water and natural gas. Beijing Normal University can achieve a 40% carbon reduction by 2060 with a low-carbon campus scenario plan. If the deep carbon reduction scenario is implemented, the campus carbon emissions can be reduced by nearly 70% by 2060. If universities can follow the zero-carbon campus planning path and integrate various carbon reduction measures on both consumption and production, the university could achieve zero-carbon campus in 2060. This study can help colleges and universities to implement “carbon neutral” policy, clarify the status quo of carbon emissions, and realize zero-carbon campus.

     

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