Abstract: With rapid growth in the economy and build-up in infrastructure in recent years in Ordos city, contradiction between water resources supply and demand has become increasingly prominent． In this study a comprehensive evaluation system was constructed for the water resource carrying capacity of Ordos city based on 22 evaluation indicators spanning three dimensions (water resources, economic society, and ecological environment)． Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Entropy-Weighted TOPSIS models were used to evaluate water resource carrying capacity from 2010 to 2021, obstacle degree model was applied to diagnose the main obstacle factors and their obstacle degrees． It was found that over the past decade, the water resource carrying capacity of Ordos city has shown a year-on-year increasing trend, with Etuoke banner and Dalad banner exhibiting the fastest growth rates, averaging 2.5% annually． The water resource carrying capacity in nine banners is mostly at a critical level, exhibiting significant spatiotemporal variations, with Zhungeer banner having the highest and Hangjin banner having the lowest water resource carrying capacity． The primary obstacle factors are identified as water supply modulus, water resources development and utilization rate, and ecological environment water consumption rate． These findings provide guide for efficient utilization of regional water resources and adjustment of population-industry structure．