张春娜, 刘志锋, 左晔, 张凤娇, 毛旭锋. 西宁市主要湿地挺水植物光合与蒸腾作用的时空变化和影响因素研究[J]. 北京师范大学学报(自然科学版). DOI: 10.12202/j.0476-0301.2024145
引用本文: 张春娜, 刘志锋, 左晔, 张凤娇, 毛旭锋. 西宁市主要湿地挺水植物光合与蒸腾作用的时空变化和影响因素研究[J]. 北京师范大学学报(自然科学版). DOI: 10.12202/j.0476-0301.2024145
ZHANG Chunna, LIU Zhifeng, ZUO Ye, ZHANG Fengjiao, MAO Xufeng. Spatial and temporal variation and influencing factors of photosynthesis and transpiration of emergent plants in urban wetland of Xining City[J]. Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science). DOI: 10.12202/j.0476-0301.2024145
Citation: ZHANG Chunna, LIU Zhifeng, ZUO Ye, ZHANG Fengjiao, MAO Xufeng. Spatial and temporal variation and influencing factors of photosynthesis and transpiration of emergent plants in urban wetland of Xining City[J]. Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science). DOI: 10.12202/j.0476-0301.2024145

西宁市主要湿地挺水植物光合与蒸腾作用的时空变化和影响因素研究

Spatial and temporal variation and influencing factors of photosynthesis and transpiration of emergent plants in urban wetland of Xining City

  • 摘要: 挺水植物作为城市湿地植被的重要组成部分,其光合作用能够吸收二氧化碳、释放氧气,同时通过蒸腾作用调节湿度,对于提升高原旱区城市居民福祉具有重要作用.本研究聚焦西宁市城市湿地中的两种主要挺水植物——芦苇(Phragmites australis)和香蒲(Typha orientalis),通过在不同地点、不同时段测定芦苇和香蒲的生理指标和环境参数,分析其时空变化特征及影响因素.研究结果表明:1)时间上,净光合速率日变化为多峰型,香蒲(14.72 µmol m−2 s−1)高于芦苇(8.46 µmol m−2 s−1);芦苇蒸腾速率为单峰型,香蒲为双峰型,香蒲(7.68 mmol m−2 s−1)高于芦苇(3.90 mmol m−2 s−1).水分利用效率日变化为单峰型,芦苇(2.34 μmol/mmol)高于香蒲(2.03 μmol/mmol).2)空间上,芦苇和香蒲净光合速率表现为入水口高于出水口的特征;芦苇入水口蒸腾速率高于出水口,香蒲出水口蒸腾速率高于入水口;芦苇入水口水分利用效率低于出水口,香蒲水分利用效率没有明显空间差异.3)光合有效辐射、水汽压差、大气温度和水质是影响挺水植物光合与蒸腾作用时空变化的重要因素.4)香蒲固碳释氧量和增湿能力均高于芦苇.研究结果为评估和提升西宁市湿地的生态系统服务提供了科学依据.

     

    Abstract: As an important component of urban wetland vegetation, emergent plants can absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen through photosynthesis, they can also regulate humidity through transpiration. Thus, they play an important role in improving the well-being of urban residents in high-altitude and arid areas. By measuring the physiological indexes and environmental parameters of reed (Phragmites australis) and cattails (Typha orientalis) in different places and different time periods, the characteristics and influencing factors of their spatiotemporal changes were analyzed. The results showed that: 1) In terms of time, the daily variation of net photosynthetic rate was multi-peak, and that of catcata (14.72 µmol m−2 s−1) was higher than that of reed (8.46 µmol m−2 s−1). The transpiration rate of bulrush (7.68 mmol m−2 s−1) was higher than that of bulrush (3.90 mmol m−2 s−1). The diurnal variation of water use efficiency was unimodal, and reed (2.34 μmol/mmol) was higher than cattails (2.03 μmol/mmol). 2) In terms of space, the net photosynthetic rate of reed and cattails was higher at the inlet than at the outlet. The transpiration rate of reed inlet was higher than that of outlet, and that of cattails outlet was higher than that of inlet. The water use efficiency of reed inlet was lower than that of outlet, and there was no significant spatial difference in water use efficiency of cattails. 3) Photosynthetically active radiation, water vapor pressure difference, atmospheric temperature and water quality are important factors affecting the spatio-temporal changes of photosynthesis and transpiration of emergent plants. 4) The carbon fixation and oxygen release capacity and humidifying ability of cattail are higher than those of reed. The research results provide a scientific basis for evaluating and improving the ecosystem services of wetlands in Xining City.

     

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