基于几何特征的枣庄市土地利用变化分析

Analysis of land use change in Zaozhuang based on geometric features

  • 摘要: 本研究以山东省枣庄市为例,分析了2000—2010年和2010—2020年2个时期的土地利用变化数据.采用土地利用转移矩阵、土地利用动态度、几何特征度和NMDS排序,从面积、速率和形态3个维度探讨了土地利用在时间和空间上的变化.结果显示,枣庄市的主要土地利用类型为耕地、草地以及城乡、工矿和居民用地,这些类型的比例明显高于其他土地利用类型,并且各类土地在空间分布上具有显著的边界;第1个时期,土地利用变化较少,为极缓慢变化型,发生变化水域图斑的几何特征显著不同于其他地类,受自然因素干扰较大;第2个时期,土地利用变化剧烈,各土地利用类型间均发生相互转化,其中耕地、城乡、工矿、居民用地、草地变化最明显,三类土地的几何特征相似,并与其他地类显著不同;在该时期,在农业、工业等产业的发展下,枣庄市的土地结构更加合理,土地集约化水平得到提高.本研究从空间形态方面对土地利用变化进行了分析,为土地利用变化研究提供了新的思路和建议.

     

    Abstract: Using Zaozhuang City in Shandong Province as a case study, this analysis is based on land use change data from two periods, 2000-2010 and 2010-2020. Utilizing land use transfer matrices, land use dynamic degree, geometric features, and NMDS ordination, the study examines land use changes in both temporal and spatial dimensions from the perspectives of area, rate, and morphology. The results indicate that Zaozhuang's land use types are primarily cultivated land, grassland, and urban, industrial, and residential areas, which comprise a significantly higher proportion than other types, with distinct spatial boundaries. In the first period, land use changes were minimal, classified as extremely slow, with geometric characteristics of changing water areas differing markedly from other land types, heavily influenced by natural factors. In the second period, land use changes became pronounced, with mutual transformations occurring among all land use types, particularly evident in cultivated land, urban, industrial, residential areas, and grassland. The geometric features of these three types were similar but significantly different from other categories. During this period, with the development of agriculture and industry, Zaozhuang's land structure became more rational, and the level of land intensification improved. This study provides new insights and recommendations for researching land use changes from a spatial morphology perspective.

     

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