京津风沙源治理工程区生态系统服务权衡与协同关系

Trade-offs and synergies of ecosystem services in the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source control project area

  • 摘要: 客观理解京津风沙源治理工程区生态系统服务权衡与协同关系,有助于科学进行生态系统服务优化和生态系统管理.基于InVEST、RWEQ 等模型,计算京津风沙源治理工程区2000—2020年生境质量、食物供给、产水、碳储存、土壤保持、防风固沙6种生态系统服务,并分析其时空格局特征;同时采用相关系数法和权衡协同度法,探究同期生态系统服务权衡与协同关系和前后2个工程阶段内生态系统服务变化程度.结果表明:1)食物供给、土壤保持、碳储存、防风固沙服务呈现东南高、西北低的空间格局,2000—2020年,这些生态系统服务均呈显著增加趋势,但生境质量整体显著下降;2)基于2种权衡与协同计算结果发现,防风固沙-食物供给、产水-碳储存、防风固沙-产水3组以协同关系为主,生境质量分别与防风固沙、土壤保持、碳储存、产水、食物供给5组呈现此消彼长的权衡关系;3)2种方法结果一致性分析表明产水-碳储存、防风固沙-食物供给2组的协同区域重合较多,占全区的53%以上,集中分布于乌兰察布高原、锡林郭勒高原亚区,生境质量-食物供给的权衡区域重合较多,占全区的27.57%.为维持区域生态系统可持续性,建议未来生态建设要针对不同区域生态系统服务间的权衡与协同关系以及生态系统保护与利用目标来确定生态系统恢复与管理措施.

     

    Abstract: Clarifications of trade-offs and synergistic relationships inherent to ecosystem services in the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source control project area is essential for the optimization of ecosystem services and effective management of ecosystem. InVEST, RWEQ and other models are used, to quantify six ecosystem services (habitat quality, food supply, water production, carbon storage, soil conservation, wind control and sand fixation, etc.) from 2000-2020 in the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source control project area, to characterize their spatial and temporal patterns. The correlation coefficient method and ecosystem services trade-off degree method were used to clarify trade-offs and synergistic relationships of ecosystem services. Food supply, soil conservation, carbon storage, and wind control and sand fixation services were found to show a spatial pattern of high in the southeast and low in the northwest; from 2000 to 2020, all of these ecosystem services showed a significant increasing trend, but habitat quality as a whole decreased significantly. Two types of trade-off and synergy calculations revealed that three groups of wind control and sand fixation-food supply, water production-carbon storage, and wind control and sand fixation-water production were dominated by a synergistic relationship; habitat quality was related to wind control and sand fixation respectively. Habitat quality has a trade-off relationship with the five groups of wind control and sand fixation, soil conservation, carbon storage, water production, and food supply. Consistency analysis of the results of the two methods showed that the synergistic areas of the two groups of water production-carbon storage and wind control and sand fixation-food supply overlapped more, accounting for more than 53% of the whole region, and the areas were concentrated in the Ulanqab Plateau and Xilingol Plateau sub-regions. The trade-off areas of the habitat quality-food supply overlap more, accounting for 27.57% of the region. To maintain sustainability of regional ecosystems, future ecological construction should take into account the trade-offs and synergies between ecosystem services in different regions, and ecosystem conservation and utilization objectives.

     

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