典型无机盐对紫外-可见吸收光谱法测定聚苯乙烯纳米塑料的影响与修正方法

UV-Vis absorption spectroscopic measurements of polystyrene nanoplastics - interference from NaCl, MgCl2, CaCl2 and their corrections

  • 摘要: 微/纳米塑料(micro/nano-plastics,M/NPs)广泛分布于环境水体且作为污染物载体对水生生物产生危害.紫外-可见吸收光谱法(UV-Vis)操作便捷、灵敏度高,在环境分析中具有应用潜力.本文以聚苯乙烯纳米塑料(PSNPs,φ=100 nm)为研究对象,通过采用UV-Vis全波段(190~1100 nm)扫描测定吸收光谱图,分析了NaCl、MgCl2、CaCl2这3种无机盐对UV-Vis检测PSNPs的光谱干扰规律,并基于光强度构建红移修正非线性模型.结果表明,PSNPs与NaCl、MgCl2、CaCl2在190~340 nm波段存在吸收重叠,Cl浓度增加诱导谱带红移,使浓度与吸光度的线性关系偏离Lambert-Beer定律,干扰PSNPs定量分析.以红移量修正并构建非线性定量模型,3种盐溶液的拟合优度(R_\mathrmadj^2 )提升至0.998~0.999.基于混合体系对模型验证,表明NaCl溶液中PSNPs预测吸光度达相应标准值的(98.2±3.0)%,但因MgCl2、CaCl2浓度接近或超过其临界团聚浓度(CCC),诱导PSNPs聚沉而吸光度明显下降.构建的非线性修正模型可有效提高定量分析的准确性,为环境水体中M/NPs的光谱定量分析提供方法支持.

     

    Abstract: Micro/nanoplastics (M/NPs) are widely distributed in aquatic environments, are significant threats to aquatic life as carriers of pollutants. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry, due to simplicity and sensitivity, holds potential for environmental analysis. The UV-Vis absorption spectra (190-1100 nm) of polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNP, φ = 100 nm) were measured. Spectral interference from NaCl, MgCl2 and CaCl2 were analyzed. PSNP and these inorganic salts showed overlap in absorption in the region of 190-340 nm. Increases in Cl concentration were found to induce redshifts in resultant spectra, leading to deviations from the Lambert-Beer law, to interfer with the quantitative determination of PSNPs. Redshifts were corrected to construct a nonlinear quantitative model, with goodness-of-fit (R _\mathrmadj^2 ) for NaCl, MgCl2, and CaCl2 solutions improved to 0.998-0.999. Model validation using mixed systems indicated that predicted absorbance of PSNPs in NaCl solution reached (98.2 ± 3.0)% of standard values. However, when MgCl2 and CaCl2 concentrations approached or exceeded critical coagulation concentration (CCC), aggregation and sedimentation of PSNPs occurred, resulting in a significant decrease in absorbance. Overall, the proposed redshift-corrected nonlinear model could effectively enhance accuracy of quantitative M/NPs analysis of environmental waters.

     

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