Abstract: Characterizing spatial-temporal evolution of water-socioeconomic-ecosystem is a primary premise for each region to seek development, to achieve harmonious balance between man and nature. Historical and monitoring data were combined with remote sensing to interpret and extract data on water resources, economic society, and ecological environment. Representative indicators were selected from water resources, economic society, and ecological environment. Mann-Kendall test, sliding T test and other statistics were used. Spatiotemporal evolution of water resources-economic society-ecological environment system elements in Xinjiang from 1960 to 2018 was characterized. Under influence of human activities, spatial-temporal evolution of water resources-economic society-ecological environment in Xinjiang was found to have a certain tendency. Characteristics of long-term evolution in elements of each subsystem, mutual feedback mechanism of evolution of water resources-economic society-ecological environment system in Xinjiang can be further studied. These will provide some reference for the long-term planning of Xinjiang.